QVT-Based Model Transformation to Support Unification of IEC 61850 and IEC 61970

A smart grid is an electrical power grid infrastructure for improved efficiency, reliability, and safety based on automated monitoring and control of data and communication. IEC 61850 and IEC 61970 are core standards in the smart-grid domain for substation automation and power operation management. There are significant data exchanges involved between the IEC 61850 level and the IEC 61970 level, which require high compatibility between the two standards. However, due to different perspectives and independent evolution, IEC 61850 and IEC 61870 are not compatible and practitioners have to come up with their own data mapping for the standards in an ad-hoc manner. This has led to significant issues on interoperability and data consistency in smart grids. An effective solution for this is to define a common semantic model of the standards and provide a systematic transformation method for transforming a model of the standards to a model of the common semantic model. In this paper, we present a metamodeling approach for unifying IEC 61850 and IEC 61970 and transforming models using query/view/transformation (QVT). We demonstrate the approach using a power transformer example.