Title :
An Autonomous Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting IC Based on a Synchronous Multi-Shot Technique
Author :
Gasnier, Pierre ; Willemin, Jerome ; Boisseau, S. ; Despesse, G. ; Condemine, Cyril ; Gouvernet, Guillaume ; Chaillout, Jean-Jacques
Author_Institution :
CEA-LETI MINATEC, Grenoble, France
Abstract :
This paper presents a fully autonomous integrated circuit (IC) dedicated to piezoelectric harvesters. The novel Multi-Shot Synchronous Electric Charge Extraction (MS-SECE) performed by the IC optimizes the energy transfer from a highly charged piezoelectric harvester to a low voltage storage element. The system deals with piezoelectric powers in the 10 μW to 1 mW range and handles very high piezoelectric voltage values ( >100 V) thanks to the off-chip components around the IC. The IC has been fabricated in AMS 0.35 μm 3.3 V technology and its low power consumption (1 μW @ 5 Hz) is particularly suitable for low frequency harvesters. MS-SECE increases the extracted power compared to the Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) technique but it also improves the efficiency by up to 25% compared to standard SECE. Furthermore, MS-SECE allows the use of small off-chip components: an efficiency of 61% has been reached with a 125 mm 3 coupled-inductor. Finally, the proposed power management circuit self-starts, works without any battery and its overall volume is expected to be less than 1 cm 3 .
Keywords :
CMOS integrated circuits; energy harvesting; low-power electronics; piezoelectric transducers; 3 coupled-inductor; MPPT technique; MS-SECE; efficiency 61 percent; energy transfer; frequency 5 Hz; fully autonomous integrated circuit; low frequency harvesters; low power consumption; low voltage storage element; maximum power point tracking technique; multishot synchronous electric charge extraction; off-chip components; piezoelectric harvesters; power 10 muW to 1 mW; power management circuit; size 0.35 mum; synchronous multishot technique; voltage 3.3 V; Capacitors; Energy harvesting; Integrated circuits; Low voltage; Magnetic cores; Switches; Wireless sensor networks; Autonomous; SECE; energy harvesting; integrated circuit; multi-shots; piezoelectric harvesters; self-starting; wireless sensor nodes;
Journal_Title :
Solid-State Circuits, IEEE Journal of
DOI :
10.1109/JSSC.2014.2325555