From passive to active subretinal implants, serving as adapting electronic substitution of degenerated photoreceptors

Utilising differential amplifiers for the adaptation of subretinal implants allows sufficient spatial resolution at varying ambient light surroundings in a grid of 70 μm, as defined by physiological in vitro experiments. It has been shown that an implant can be created that can be positioned in the subretinal space. Electronic circuits have been imprinted underneath each pixel that receives their external energy by subretinal foil-bound wires. Biocompatibility and biostability tests as well as successful surgical procedures have prepared the ground for clinical study in blind RP patients.