A Higher-Order Solution of Volume Integral Equation for Electromagnetic Scattering From Inhomogeneous Objects

A higher-order solution of volume integral equation is proposed for the analysis of electromagnetic (EM) scattering from inhomogeneous objects. The higher-order basis functions used in this solution are defined in curvilinear tetrahedron elements, in which the Lagrange interpolation polynomials are utilized to construct the basis functions for representing the unknown volume electric current density. The proposed higher-order solution is implemented with point matching for the method of moments (MoM) of the volume electric field integral equation (VEFIE). Several numerical examples are presented to validate the higher-order convergence and great efficiency to analyze the electromagnetic scattering from inhomogeneous objects.