EMF exposure in the vicinity of GSM - base stations

Author

Coray, Robert ; Krahenbuhl, Pascal

Author_Institution

Swiss Fed. Office of Commun., Biel-Bienne, Switzerland

Volume

1

fYear

2003

fDate

11-16 May 2003

Firstpage

398

Abstract

According to the World Health Organization (WHO) there is no evidence of adverse health effects at levels below exposure guidelines. However, the final WHO health risk assessment would not be published before 2006. Consequently, the precautionary principle is discussed intensively. The following report analyses the EMF exposure in the vicinity of typical GSM antennas, as used in modern European cities today. Furthermore the different protection zones resulting from different EMF limits are visualized and finally, the question of technically and economically achievable EMF limits will be discussed.

Keywords

antenna radiation patterns; cellular radio; electromagnetic fields; radiation protection; radio stations; radiowave propagation; EM wave propagation; EMF exposure; EMF limit; Europe; GSM antenna; GSM base station; World Health Organization; health risk assessment; protection zone; radio coverage; radio traffic density; Antennas and propagation; Attenuation; Base stations; Buildings; Cities and towns; GSM; Guidelines; Optical reflection; Protection; Windows;

fLanguage

English

Publisher

ieee

Conference_Titel

Electromagnetic Compatibility, 2003. EMC '03. 2003 IEEE International Symposium on

Print_ISBN

0-7803-7779-6

Type

conf

DOI

10.1109/ICSMC2.2003.1428275

Filename

1428275