Design of Scalar Impedance Holographic Metasurfaces for Antenna Beam Formation With Desired Polarization

This paper presents the design of a novel planar scalar impedance holographic metasurface, which is capable of beam forming with a desired electric field polarization and high gain. It is demonstrated that the surface can be constructed with patches of simple geometry and design. A detailed analysis of the mechanism of scalar impedance holographic metasurfaces is discussed. The scalar impedance holographic metasurface is designed at a dominant TM surface wave mode frequency. It is observed that the TM surface wave mode has an impurity of TE polarized electric fields of small magnitude. The presence of this impurity is exploited to design a holographic metasurface for beam forming with a desired polarization. This modified-HAIS is capable of forming a beam at a nonphase crossover frequency, unlike the conventional HAIS. The design procedure of the surface, with simulation and measurement results, is presented.