Participatory planning model - diversity within a community and value of participation

In regional planning, the importance of citizen participation has been emphasized. One of the purposes of participatory planning is to understand public opinion. Government can not necessarily know citizens\´ preferences on regional planning. By inviting representatives into the decision process, government can reflect citizens\´ needs to the alternative. In this study, an "interest party (stakeholder)" and an "authority of implementation" are regarded as distinguished players. It is assumed that government has an ability to design alternatives, but it can not know citizens\´ preferences completely. On the other hand, representative is supposed to represent citizens\´ interests. The model on representative\´s participation is constructed, and value of representative\´s participation is defined. It is also shown the value of participation depends on diversity of citizens\´ preference.