A Novel Method for Solving Nonlinear Bilevel Programming Based on hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization

Particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm has been developing rapidly and has been applied widely since it was introduced, as it is easily understand and realized. For nonlinear bilevel programming whose leader is a nonlinear function, a hybrid PSO algorithm with a simplex algorithm is presented. So far using PSO to solve the nonlinear bilevel programming problem has not been found in the literature. Some numerical examples are given to verify the effectiveness of proposed approach.