Lens Shaping Aimed at Improvement of the Beam-Switching Antenna Off-Axis Properties

The possibility of a beam-switching lens antenna off-axes performance improvement via the lens profile optimization is investigated. The problem is formulated in 2D and solved by using the Muller boundary integral equations discretized with the trigonometric Galerkin scheme that has guaranteed and fast convergence as well as controllable accuracy. Optimization routine is based on the genetic algorithm principles. The radiating elements of the switching array are modeled by the complex source point beams capable of accounting for the directive nature of the feeds. Numerical results include radiation properties of the canonical semicircular and hemielliptic lenses as well as the shaped ones. The possibility of directivity improvement for each of the radiating elements of the switching array via lens shaping is demonstrated.