Standard Gain Horn Calibration: Pattern Integration Technique Versus Three-Antenna Technique

This paper presents a detailed investigation of the pattern integration technique, which is a method employed at the DTU-ESA spherical near-field facility for calibration of standard gain horns. Furthermore, this study also describes the comparison of the pattern integration technique with the three-antenna technique. In order to make a complete evaluation, the analysis also includes the uncertainty estimates for the two techniques. The observations made during this research allowed to propose several improvements for the gain determination procedures towards increasing calibration accuracy.