Hierarchical trajectory-based routing protocol for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANET) are becoming an hot issue in these last years. These novel networks can offer the challenging vehicle-to-vehicle communication but a lot of issues need to be addressed on this topic. This paper focuses on the routing protocol issue in Manhattan environments. A novel protocol called two level trajectory based routing (TTBR) protocol is proposed. The deterministic vehicles movement permits to get advantage of the map info to build specific local trajectory to reach destination node. However, in order to offer network scalability also an high level cell-based trajectory is applied to have a coarse knowledge of the cell where the destination node is moving. Simulation results have been assessed to show the improvements and scalability offered by TTBR in comparison with other ad hoc networks protocols such as AODV. Performance evaluation has been evaluated in terms of normalized control overhead (NCO) and data packet delivery ratio (DR). TTBR is more performing than AODV and GPSR for high speed and high density scenario.