Analysis of the four-horn monopulse for LEO satellite tracking using the exact model

Special techniques are used in the ground stations in order to track the LEO satellites. Each of these techniques has its own advantages and disadvantages which are used depending on the relative conditions. One of the most well-known of these techniques is monopulse. The feed of the monopulse tracking technique, used in ground stations, has different structures. The most popular of these feeds have four and five horns. In this paper the four-horn monopulse technique as the classic feed in LEO satellite ground station using exact beam model is analyzed. Also, the effect of the angular offset of feed horns respect to antenna axis on the total performance of this technique such as error bias and variance is investigated.