Branch outage solution using particle swarm optimization

For post outage MW line flows and voltage magnitude calculations most of the methods use linear methods because of their simplicity. Especially for reactive power flow calculations, one can face high errors. In this paper, we use a minimization method that minimizes the errors resulting from the linear system model implementation. We solve the optimization problem, using particle swarm optimization. We give some outage examples using IEEE 14 bus, IEEE 30 bus, and IEEE 57 bus data and compare the results with full AC load flow calculation.