A discrete quantum-behaved PSO and its multiuser detection application

This paper proposes a discrete quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization (DQPSO) and applies it to realize the multiuser detection for multicarrier code-division multiple-access (MC-CDMA) systems. The continuous quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization (QPSO) is extended to the discrete scenario. To prevent the premature convergence of DQPSO, the equilibrium position is generated by balancing the cognitive and social parts, and the contraction-expansion coefficient is set elaborately to guarantee the adequate perturbation needed by the discrete optimizations. Simulations and comparisons with the PSO and the maximum likelihood detection (MLD) show that the proposed DQPSO has superior stable-status performance.