Notice of RetractionStudy on dynamic change of ecological footprints and its prediction based on GM(1,1) in coal mining area: a case of Huaibei

Notice of Retraction

After careful and considered review of the content of this paper by a duly constituted expert committee, this paper has been found to be in violation of IEEE´s Publication Principles.

We hereby retract the content of this paper. Reasonable effort should be made to remove all past references to this paper.

The presenting author of this paper has the option to appeal this decision by contacting TPII@ieee.org.

Ecological footprint model is a new tool of measuring sustainable development in a region. In this paper, based on the model of EF, ecological footprints(EF)and ecological capacities(EC) are calculated from 1996 to 2005 in Huaibei. The results show that EF per capital increases from 1.7790 hectare in 1996 to 5.1204 hectare in 2005 by the annual rate of 18.78%. Meantime, EC per capital slightly decreases from 0.3647 hectare in 1996 to 0.3122 hectare in 2005 by the annual rate of 1.44%. According to GM(1,1) predictions, by the time of 2010, EF per capital will have arrived at 7.4619 hectare. However, EC per capital will drop by the annual rate of 1.43. It is concluded that ecological deficits (ED) of Huaibei will continue enlarging in the future five years. Further, among six types of land area, fossil energy land caused mostly by coal mining is the main reason of highly ED. Therefore, in order to lower the stress of ecosystem in mining area and jointly answer global change of climate, we should make great efforts to adjust the demand of coal energy and positively develop low coal economy.