Notice of RetractionAn alternative sludge waste management technology in ceramic industry for synthesis zeolite NaA (feasibility study)

Notice of Retraction

After careful and considered review of the content of this paper by a duly constituted expert committee, this paper has been found to be in violation of IEEE´s Publication Principles.

We hereby retract the content of this paper. Reasonable effort should be made to remove all past references to this paper.

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Ceramic industries annually produce a huge amount of sludge waste as by-products in its wastewater treatment process. They have experienced problems in waste disposal and have sought ways of addressing these through alternative techniques, including recycling. The objectives of this study are a technical and economic feasibility study of recycle plant for producing zeolite NaA from sludge waste which is a byproduct from wastewater treatment process of ceramic industry. One of the products which can be synthesized from sludge waste recycling process is zeolite NaA. It is so because the sludge waste carries a large amount of Al₂O₃ content which is usable as raw material for zeolite synthesis and it is found that the insufficient content of Na and Si in the by-product needed to be compensated by the addition of sodium metasilicate. This paper presents an alternative waste management technology: using sludge waste as raw material in producing synthetic Zeolite NaA by hydrogel process, to utilize the sludge waste and maximize benefit for entrepreneurs, then the community, and finally society in general.