Improved Concentric Clustering Routing Scheme adapted to various environments of sensor networks

Wireless sensor networks consist of sink nodes and multiple sensor nodes that monitor environmental conditions such as pressure, temperature, etc. The main constraint associated with sensor nodes is energy consumption. The Extended Concentric-Clustering Routing Scheme ECCRS is a hybrid mechanism that unifies the chain-based scheme PEGASIS and the clustering scheme. In this paper, we improve the energy consumption in ECCRS further by improving the energy and distance parameters. In our approach, the sensor field is divided into various levels and each level has the same node density as well as the same number of nodes, for which the radius of each level is adjusted accordingly. To improve the energy factor in ECCRS, our proposed scheme creates a set of probable candidates for cluster heads. The cluster head formation of a level from its probable candidate set takes into account the minimum distance between the higher level cluster head the nodes of the probable candidates set of the same level. The simulation results show that our approach is 13% more efficient as compared to ECCRS in terms of energy consumption.