Notice of RetractionEffect of reeds on phreatic evaporation in Liaohe estuary wetland

Notice of Retraction

After careful and considered review of the content of this paper by a duly constituted expert committee, this paper has been found to be in violation of IEEE´s Publication Principles.

We hereby retract the content of this paper. Reasonable effort should be made to remove all past references to this paper.

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To discover the variation rule of phreatic evaporation with reeds growing in Liao River Estuary and enhance groundwater use efficiency, phreatic evaporation was tested in containers with groundwater supply and reeds growing. Evaporation from water surface and that on bare land under the same experimental conditions were set as contrasts. Under conditions of different groundwater depth, phreatic evaporation from soil with and without vegetation cover in the study area was compared, and the consistency of phreatic evaporation and water surface evaporation was analyzed. Finally, through parameter fitting, we obtained the power function formula and exponential formula of phreatic evaporation and relevant parameters in the formulas. The fitting effect is good, and it is suitable for application in research on phreatic evaporation in the study area.