Dispatch of EV Charging Station Energy Resources for Sustainable Mobility

For sustainable mobility and transportation electrification, an electric vehicle (EV) charging station equipped with photovoltaic panels, fuel cell, and energy storage system is proposed and an algorithm for economic dispatch of the controllable resources in such a station is presented. Mathematical models of EV charging service demands, solar power outputs, operational costs of energy storage, and fuel cell systems are developed. A stochastic dynamic programming method is proposed to take different temporal variations of energy production and consumption into account, and determine optimal dispatch schedule and contracted power from utility, such that the operation cost of the charging station and its impact to the distribution grid are reduced. Tests are conducted for a comparison with deterministic dynamic programming methods using perfect prediction of intermittent renewable outputs and charging demands. Numerical results indicate that the stochastic approach proposed can provide efficient dispatch schedules and an informed decision on the contracted power capacity to support transportation electrification.