Short circuit level and loss reduction by allocating TCSC and UPFC using particle swarm optimization

Flexible alternative current transmission system (FACTS) devices can regulate the active and reactive power as well as voltage-magnitude. Placement of these devices in suitable locations can lead to the control of line power flow, bus voltages and short circuit currents at desired levels and as a result, improvement of power system security margins. This paper presents an optimal allocation algorithm for FACTS devices based on a novel particle swarm optimization method considering both power system costs and short circuit level. The proposed algorithm has successfully been applied to an IEEE 30-bus power system and the results are presented and discussed.