Extremely stable, low operation voltage and 36 nm base length Transfer Mold field emitter arrays

Extremely stable, low operation voltage and nanostructure field emitter arrays have been developed by Transfer Mold method to realize the very stable field emission characteristics for electric propulsion engines of artificial satellites and spaceships such as the asteroid probe. Field emitter arrays have 36 nm base length, 2.8 nm tip radius and 13 V/μm turn-on field at the short distance of less than 30 μm between anode and emitter. The 36 nm base length Transfer Mold Mo FEAs have the most stable field emission characteristics having the emission fluctuation ratio of ±1.6%, which is the lowest values ever reported.