Lithium Electrochemical and Electrochromic Properties of Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet-Synthesized Tungsten/Molybdenum Mixed Oxide Films for Flexible Electrochromic Devices

Lithium electrochemical and electrochromic (EC) performances of flexible tungsten/molybdenum mixed oxide (WMo_xO_yC_z) films, deposited onto 40-Ω/square flexible polyethylene terephthalate/indium tin oxide substrates at room temperature (~23°C) and at the short exposed durations of 19-26 s using an atmospheric-pressure plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition with an atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) at various precursor injection angles, are investigated. The flexible organo-tungsten-molybdenum oxide (WMo_xO_yC_z) films have been identified for the remarkable EC performance for 200 cycles of reversible Li⁺ ion intercalation and deintercalation in a 1-M LiClO₄-propylene carbonate electrolyte by a potential sweep switching measurement between -1 and 1 V at a scan rate of 50 mV/s, even after being bent 360° around a 2.5-cm diameter rod for 1000 cycles. The optical modulation (AT) is up to of 75.6% at a wavelength of 691.9 nm for WMo_xO_yC_z films cosynthesized with an APPJ.