Cardiac syndrome X electrocardiographic profile using high-resolution signal-averaged VCG

Cardiac syndrome X (CSX) is a clinical condition characterized by angina, positive stress test and negative coronary angiography. Myocardial ischemia is suggested to influence the typical ischemic changes in the electrocardiogram (ECG) observed during stress test. The aim of this study is to obtain CSX patterns of the vectorcardiographic (VCG) loops in the horizontal (H), frontal (F) and right sagittal (RS) planes of the Frank corrected orthogonal leads (X, Y, Z) and to assess their similarity with the reference VCG loops of normal subjects. The results after synthesis of the VCG patterns in H, F, RS planes and identification of the magnitudes, angles and rotation of the maximal QRS and T vectors, as well as the angles of instant vectors at 0.01-0.04s suggest that CSX electrocardiographic profile could be considered as a variant of the normal profile, however, it contains some VCG changes seen in the ischemic heart disease.