Formation of stable longpulse electron beams with the help of explosive emission cathodes

To obtain spatially and temporally stable electron beams with the help of explosive emission cathodes the following measures are recommended: the cathode is made as a multi-point structure; points are made from bunches of carbon fibers; in a circuit of each point a resistor of certain value is inserted; all auxiliaries cathode elements are maintained under cathode plasma floating potential; speed of voltage increase at the pulse front must be higher than 10⁸ V/s. On the base of this technology the cathodes of different geometry and size for production of flat, cylindrical, tubular, radial converting electron beams can be created. Such electron beams are used for generation of microwave- and x-ray radiation, pumping gas lasers, modification of material properties, etc. Examples of facilities design and electron beam applications are presented.