SIFO voltage-mode universal filters employing TO-CCIIs

In this paper, two new single-input five-output (SIFO) voltage-mode (VM) second-order universal filters are presented. The proposed filters employ two triple-output second-generation current conveyors (TO-CCIIs) as active elements, five resistors and two grounded capacitors. The proposed filters provide all of the standard filter responses (i.e. low-pass, band-pass, high-pass, notch and all-pass responses) simultaneously. The non-ideal gain and parasitic impedance effects of the active elements on the transfer functions of the filters are investigated. SPICE simulation results with TSMC 0.18 μm technology parameters are given to verify the performance of the proposed filters.