Title :
Analysis and Design of a 54 GHz Distributed “Hybrid” Wave Oscillator Array With Quadrature Outputs
Author :
Moroni, Anna ; Genesi, Raffaella ; Manstretta, Danilo
Author_Institution :
Dip. Ing. Ind. e dell´Inf., Univ. degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
Abstract :
An array of distributed oscillators for millimeter-wave phased arrays combines local oscillator (LO) generation and distribution, leading to a phase noise improvement proportional to the number of array elements. The unit “hybrid wave” oscillator (HWO) consists of a rotary traveling-wave oscillator with quadrature outputs, coupled to the other units through standing-wave oscillators. A phase noise analysis for distributed oscillators based on impulse-sensitivity functions (ISF) is introduced and applied to study the proposed oscillator and arrays of it. A standalone oscillator and a 4-elements array implemented in a 65 nm CMOS technology have a measured phase noise of -125 dBc/Hz and -131 dBc/Hz respectively at 10 MHz from the 52 GHz carrier. Each unit consumes 36 mW corresponding to a FoM of -183.7 dBc/Hz. The tuning range is from 51.9 to 56.5 GHz.
Keywords :
CMOS analogue integrated circuits; field effect MIMIC; millimetre wave oscillators; phase noise; CMOS technology; HWO; ISF; LO generation; bandwidth 10 MHz; distributed hybrid wave oscillator array; frequency 51.9 GHz to 56.5 GHz; frequency 52 GHz; impulse-sensitivity functions; local oscillator; millimeter-wave phased arrays; phase noise; phase noise analysis; power 36 mW; quadrature outputs; rotary traveling-wave oscillator; size 65 nm; standing-wave oscillators; Arrays; Impedance; Phase noise; Resonant frequency; Transceivers; CMOS; Oscillator; Q factor; coupled circuits; distributed oscillator; figure of merit (FoM); integrated circuits; local oscillator (LO); millimeter-wave; oscillators array; phase noise; phased-arrays; quadrature oscillator; transmission-line; voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO);
Journal_Title :
Solid-State Circuits, IEEE Journal of
DOI :
10.1109/JSSC.2014.2311803
