Research on time-of-use price applying to electric vehicles charging

With problems of environmental pollution and energy crisis, because of the advantages of zero emissions and low noise level, electrical vehicles (EV) are gaining more and more attention. Large number of EVs connected to power systems for charging will have significant impact on power system, especially massive uncontrolled charging will cause bottlenecks in supplying capacity and expose power system to severe security risks. This paper establishes a charging load model of EVs, and V2G is also included. Based on the EVs´ response to the change of power price, a Time-of-use (TOU) price model is proposed to influence the EVs´ charging habits in the perspectives both of grid and EV owners.