S-transform based P-wave and S-wave arrival times measurements toward earthquake locating

Measuring physical characteristics of the earth using direct or indirect methods can be useful to achieve knowledge about geological structures. This could help in solving many geotechnical problems that scientists are encountered with. Two important factors in seismology are P-wave and S-wave arrival times. This paper focuses on proposing a useful tool and method for these measurements. For this purpose, three time-frequency analysis tools are applied to two seismic data related to earthquakes happened in Canada. By comparing the results, it is showed that S-transform is the best tool for measuring P-wave and S-wave arrival times. Then the time-frequency representation of the first seismic data which is the result of applying hyperbolic S-transform is showed and used to find P-wave and S-wave arrival times. Also, a peak based method to find instantaneous frequency is introduced and applied to the seismic data.