Modelling and parameter estimation of photovoltaic cell

Accurate models of photovoltaic (PV) cell characteristics are essential to enable the operation of PV cells to be understood and optimized for operation under variable environmental conditions. Various models have been proposed in the literature, which use diodes and resistors to represent PV cell characteristics. A key concern with these models is that individual parameters such as resistances, diode ideality factors and saturation currents need to be accurately determined to enable successful modelling. Additionally, operational constraints such as irradiance, temperature, partial shading and cell degradation affect the PV cell characteristics. This paper explores some key issues involved in modelling PV cells with a focus on parameter estimation techniques and the effect of environmental conditions. Parameter estimation techniques proposed in the literature are explored and compared regarding their suitability in modelling a commercial PV array.