Modern low cost aircraft instruments

The usage of multifunction displays (MFD) in nowadays aircraft boards is about to increase. They are usually able to show a big number of relevant information at once, so their contribution cannot be denied. But it is hard to imagine that, in case of emergency (e.g., space disorientation), the pilot will browse between pages on the display. In this case, he immediately needs to know basic information about speed, altitude, etc. and will therefore rather rely on conventional gauges instruments. This paper therefore deals with the design and development of classical and especially cheap gauge instrument connected the on-board data bus.