Design research and development process of the Single Deck Bus for commercial production

This paper discussed the Single Deck Bus design development process through an integrated industrial design approach for commercial production. Bus and coach building is a growing industry where the development process frequently ignored to satisfy customer demands and dateline resulted with almost similar facade and lack of design quality. The research applies visual inconsistencies analysis to identify significance features and as design comparative studies between manufacturers with international buses as a design benchmark. The design direction also aim to create manufacturer branding image with strategic production series and concept where the modelling and 1:1 prototype studies carried to provide clear direction and evaluation during development process with an emphasis to utilize a composite material for commercial production.