Focused Impedance Method (FIM) and Pigeon Hole Imaging (PHI) as two potentially low cost and simple modalities for different diagnostic applications

Electrical impedance measurements have the potential to detect and diagnose many disorders and diseases in the human body. Focused Impedance Method (FIM) and Pigeon Hole Imaging (PHI) are two related simple modalities to obtain electrical impedance of localised regions, innovated by the author, and developed by his group at Dhaka. Other methods are either not localised, or if localised, are too much sophisticated and potentially expensive. In this paper several applications of FIM that are being tried are described. FIM and PHI can be made as portable equipment at low cost and can be designed to operate using reusable electrodes, requiring no consumable cost, thus making these techniques suitable for the Third World.