Design optimisation of antennas using electromagnetic simulations and adaptive response correction technique

In this study, the authors describe a simple and reliable procedure for electromagnetic (EM) simulation-based design of antennas. The authors´ approach exploits coarse-discretisation EM simulations (the low-fidelity antenna model) and the adaptive response correction (ARC) technique. ARC is used to enhance the low-fidelity model response so that it can serve as a cheap yet accurate representation of the high-fidelity EM model of the antenna under design. The ARC-based iterative correction-prediction process yields an optimised design at a low CPU cost corresponding to a few high-fidelity simulations of the antenna. The proposed approach is compared with direct optimisation of the high-fidelity model and to surrogate-based optimisation exploiting output space mapping. The results obtained for two antenna design cases indicate by reduction of the overall design cost that ARC allows for better utilisation of the knowledge embedded in the low-fidelity model than the simpler correction method.