DocumentCode :
59806
Title :
Passive and Semi-Passive Wireless Temperature and Humidity Sensors Based on EPC Generation-2 UHF Protocol
Author :
Shuang-Ming Yu ; Peng Feng ; Nan-Jian Wu
Author_Institution :
State Key Lab. for Superlattices & Microstructures, Inst. of Semicond., Beijing, China
Volume :
15
Issue :
4
fYear :
2015
fDate :
Apr-15
Firstpage :
2403
Lastpage :
2411
Abstract :
This paper proposes passive and semi-passive wireless temperature and humidity sensors based on electronic product code (EPC) global Class-1 Generation-2 UHF communication protocol. The wireless sensors consist of a sensor key chip and off-chip temperature and humidity sensors. The sensor key chip integrates RF/analog front-end circuit, digital baseband processor, nonvolatile memory, on-chip temperature sensor, and sensor interface. The sensor interface connects the off-chip sensors and the sensor key chip. The sensor key chip with the on-chip temperature sensor can operate without battery power (passive mode), and also can co-operate with the off-chip temperature and humidity sensors powered by battery (semi-passive mode). The RF/analog front-end circuit provides the dc power to the sensor key chip and communicates with the interrogator passively. Advanced low-power techniques are adopted to reduce the power consumption of the sensor key chip. The sensor key chip is fabricated in 0.18-μm CMOS process. In passive mode, the maximum wireless sensitivity of on-chip sensor is -15.1/-11.2 dBm for reading and sensing operation, respectively, and the temperature sensing error is -1 °C/0.8 °C over operating range from -20 °C to 50 °C. It achieves a reading/sensing distance of over 9.5/6 m with 4-W effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP) by the commercial interrogator. In semi-passive mode, the temperature and humidity sensing distance of off-chip sensors is 2.7 m.
Keywords :
CMOS integrated circuits; UHF detectors; UHF integrated circuits; humidity sensors; product codes; protocols; random-access storage; temperature sensors; wireless sensor networks; CMOS process; EIRP; EPC global class-1 generation-2 UHF communication protocol; RF-analog front-end circuit; digital baseband processor; distance 2.7 m; effective isotropic radiated power; electronic product code; humidity sensor; low-power technique; nonvolatile memory; passive wireless temperature sensor; power 4 W; power consumption; semipassive wireless temperature sensor; size 0.18 mum; temperature -1 degC; temperature -20 degC to 50 degC; temperature 0.8 degC; Baseband; Power demand; System-on-chip; Temperature sensors; Wireless communication; Wireless sensor networks; EPC global Class-1 Generation-2 protocol; EPCglobal Class-1 Generation-2 protocol; Wireless sensors; baseband processor; humidity sensors; low power design; passive tags; sensor interface; temperature sensors;
fLanguage :
English
Journal_Title :
Sensors Journal, IEEE
Publisher :
ieee
ISSN :
1530-437X
Type :
jour
DOI :
10.1109/JSEN.2014.2375180
Filename :
6967780
Link To Document :
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