On the correlation of tropospheric zenith path delay and station clock estimates in geodetic GNSS frequency transfer

We have given a brief overview of the conventional troposphere modeling strategy for GNSS analysis. Subsequently we have shown that a ZWD error is mapped into the estimated receiver clock with a factor of 1.4 to 2.4 depending on the elevation cut-off. Furthermore, we have demonstrated that by including low elevation data into the PPP solution, the peak variations in the receiver clock can be reduced and the ZWD estimates become more stable.