Design of compact UWB monopoles using dielectric loading and numerical optimization

Composite dielectric loading is used to reduce dimensions of the UWB conical antenna. To meet design specifications imposed on the reflection response, the antenna dimensions are adjusted using an automated simulation-driven design process where surrogate-based optimization serves as the core methodology. Design cases of different permittivity values of the loading material are considered. The results indicate that dielectric loading can be a way of reducing the antenna size. In the particular example of the UWB monocone considered in the paper, the obtained size reduction exceeds 30 percent.