Preventing black and gray hole attacks in AODV using optimal path routing and hash

A mobile ad hoc network (MANETs) is a set of mobile nodes where every node communicates with each other without any predefined infrastructure and centralized administration. Due to the openness of its nature it is vulnerable to various kinds of threats. Ad hoc on demand distance vector (AODV) is a routing protocol being used for wireless ad hoc network. Black hole and gray hole are the imminent attacks that are launched on AODV. Both the attacks claim the shortest route to the destination and exploit this later by dropping the packets. In our proposed scheme, we use the second optimal route for data packets transmission and hash function for black and gray holes attacks avoidance and data integrity.