Optimization of LC voltage-controlled oscillators in 90-nm CMOS technology for 3G transceivers

This paper describes the design and optimization of LC voltage-controlled oscillators (VCOs) for 3G transceivers in 90-nm, 1.0-V CMOS technology. The proposed technique is illustrated by optimizing eight different MOS LC VCOs in the uplink band of 2500 to 2570 MHz. The best optimized VCO exhibits a maximum in-band phase noise of -90 dBc/Hz and -145 dBc/Hz, respectively, at 10 kHz and 10 MHz offset from carrier, 0.16 mW power consumption, and suppression of the second and third harmonics better than -40 dBc in the tuning range.