BioBlaze: Multi-core SIMD ASIP for DNA sequence alignment

A new Application-Specific Instruction-set Processor (ASIP) architecture for biological sequences alignment is proposed in this manuscript. This architecture achieves high processing throughputs by exploiting both fine and coarse-grained parallelism. The former is achieved by extending the Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) of a synthesizable processor to include multiple specialized SIMD instructions that implement vector-vector and vector-scalar arithmetic, logic, load/store and control operations. Coarse-grained parallelism is achieved by using multiple cores to cooperatively align multiple sequences in a shared memory architecture, comprising proper hardware-specific synchronization mechanisms. To ease the programming, a compilation framework based on an adaptation of the GCC back-end was also implemented. The proposed system was prototyped and evaluated on a Xilinx Virtex-7 FPGA, achieving a 200MHz working frequency. A sequential and a state-of-theart SIMD implementations of the Smith-Waterman algorithm were programmed in both the proposed ASIP and an Intel Core i7 processor. When comparing the achieved speedups, it was observed that the proposed ISA achieves a 40x speedup, which contrasts with the 11x speedup provided by SSE2 in the Intel Core i7 processor. The scalability of the multi-core system was also evaluated and proved to scale almost linearly with the number of cores.