The Analysis of Temperature, Depth, Salinity Effect on Acoustic Speed for a Vertical Water Column

This paper studies and analyzes the influence of temperature, depth and salinity on speed of acoustic signal for a vertical water column. In underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSN), determination of precise acoustic signal is sometimes necessary to determine the coordinates of sensors for the validity of data. The effect of temperature on sound speed is predominant where temperature change is noticeable. In the deep ocean where temperature change is very nominal, depth (pressure) becomes predominant and salinity effect is even less. In this paper we have shown how these variables affect acoustic signal speed for a specific depth of water column where temperature, depth and salinity changes are linear.