Voiding mechanism and control in BGA joints with mixed solder alloy system

Author

Yan Liu ; Herron, Derrick ; Keck, Juergen ; Ning-Cheng Lee

Author_Institution

Indium Corp., Clinton, NY, USA

fYear

2013

fDate

28-31 May 2013

Firstpage

1606

Lastpage

1612

Abstract

The voiding behavior of mixed solder alloy systems during BGA assembly was investigated with the use of nitrogen reflow atmosphere. The solder joints were comprised of a combination of Sn62Pb36Ag2 (Sn62), Sn63Pb37 (Sn63), Sn98.5Ag1Cu0.5 (SAC105), and Sn96.5Ag3Cu0.5 (SAC305) as the solder ball or solder paste, except for SnPb solder balls with lead-free pastes. Assembly of each BGA employed a high temperature (HT) profile for lead-free and mixed systems, and a low temperature (LT) profile for mixed and SnPb systems. Mixed systems had higher voiding than lead-free systems when reflowed at HT. SnPb systems had a wider voiding range when compared with mixed systems reflowed at LT. Voiding was found to decrease with reduced alloy surface tension, earlier melting of the bottom solder paste, the top ball remaining solid during reflow, a narrower pasty range, smaller joint overheating, and using flux alone instead of solder paste.

Keywords

ball grid arrays; lead alloys; reflow soldering; silver alloys; solders; surface tension; tin alloys; BGA assembly; BGA joints; SnAgCU; SnPb; SnPbAg; high temperature profile; lead-free paste; lead-free system; low temperature profile; melting; mixed solder alloy system; nitrogen reflow atmosphere; solder ball; solder paste; surface tension; voiding mechanism; Metals; Soldering; Solids; Surface tension; Temperature distribution; BGA; Pb-free; SnPb; Voiding; lead-free; mixed; reflow; solder; solder ball; solder joint; solder paste; soldering; void;

fLanguage

English

Publisher

ieee

Conference_Titel

Electronic Components and Technology Conference (ECTC), 2013 IEEE 63rd

Conference_Location

Las Vegas, NV

ISSN

0569-5503

Print_ISBN

978-1-4799-0233-0

Type

conf

DOI

10.1109/ECTC.2013.6575786

Filename

6575786