FSEP-E: Enhanced stable election protocol based on fuzzy Logic for cluster head selection in WSNs

In this paper, we have proposed an Enhanced Stable Election Protocol based on Fuzzy logic (FSEP-E) to prolong the lifespan of heterogeneous wireless sensor networks (HWSNs). It improves existing SEP-E by using fuzzy logic expert system which intelligently assigns cluster heads (CHs) which leads to energy efficient HWSN. We focus on three linguistic variables for the design of our fuzzy expert system, which include node density, heterogeneity threshold and proximity to base station (BS). Simulation results have shown that proposed FSEP-E outperforms existing SEP-E in terms of network lifespan. It builds a more stable routing environment as the stability period is increased by 16% and the overall lifetime of the network is increased by 30%.