Enhanced passive clustering based on distance and residual energy for wireless sensor network

Wireless sensor network consists of a set of tiny sensor nodes. The nodes are continuously sense and transmit the data to the base station. Therefore, energy consumption and network coverage are important issues to improve the life time of the network. Clustering architecture is an effective architecture to reduce the energy consumption. The main aim is to increase network lifetime as well as increase the presence of live nodes so that more nodes will remain exist. In this paper we propose a new approach called EPCDRE (Enhanced passive clustering algorithm based on distance and residual energy), which evenly distributes the energy dissipation among the sensor nodes to maximize the network lifetime. This is achieved by using residual energy and distance between nodes in the selection of nodes clusterheads and election of clusterhead backup. Comparison with the existing schemes such as Passive Clustering, PCEEC and GRIDS (Geographically Repulsive Insomnious Distributed Sensors) reveals that the proposed algorithm approach significantly improves the network lifetime and it can further efficiently relay the cluster data.