A Novel, Dynamic Data Dissemination [D3] Technique for Congestion Avoidance/Control in High Speed Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks

Rapid technological advances and innovations in the area of autonomous systems push the researchers towards autonomous networked systems with emphasis on Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). In WSN event-driven applications, it is critical to report the detected events in the area, resulting in sudden bursts of traffic due to occurrence of spatially-correlated or multiple events, causing loss of data. Also, nodes have very limited power due to hardware constraints. Packet losses and retransmissions resulting from congestion, cost precious energy and shorten the lifetime of sensor nodes. Till now, in WSNs, Congestion control techniques are based on detection of congestion and recovery, but they cannot eliminate or prevent the occurrence of congestion. Collision is a symptom of congestion in the wireless channel and can result in a time-variant channel capacity. Therefore, this research focuses on an efficient medium access control (MAC) technique to coordinate the access of nodes to the shared medium without interference. It uses the queue buffer length of the sensor nodes to estimate the congestion and then dynamically disseminates the traffic along with classifying them into different priority classes to provide a congestion-free routing path to the destination with improved Quality of Service (QoS).