Optimal power flow with flexible loading

This paper proposes a flexible grid model that enables the formulation of the flexible optimal power flow (FOPF) problem. An advanced solution method is also proposed for the flexible optimal power flow problem. The proposed grid modeling considers the flexibility of power injections in time domain such as charging electric vehicles, smart appliances, data centers, etc. This flexibility provides a tool to shave peak load, moderate electricity prices and hedge the risk of unstable output power of renewable energy resources. Financial analysis shows consumers can be actively involved in electricity market if the use their flexibility. Numerical examples indicate that the FOPF reduces the energy costs, the peak loads and the maximum electricity prices of both entire systems and individual loads.