Trajectory sensitivities: Applications in power systems and estimation accuracy refinement

This paper first briefly summarizes the stat-of-the-art work of trajectory sensitivity applications in various areas of power systems. Through linearizing the system along the nominal trajectories, trajectory sensitivities can estimate the trajectory deviations after small parameter change, but will inevitably cause estimation error due to system nonlinearity. Two strategies are proposed in this paper to refine the estimation accuracy in situations when the error is unacceptable. These two strategies are second order trajectory sensitivities and switching operating states method. The two strategies have been tested on New England 39-bus system. The results prove their validity.