Deployment and Routing Method for Fast Localization Based on RSSI in Hierarchical Wireless Sensor Network

This paper proposes a method of hierarchical WSN deployment and routing for fast localization. Position-known anchor nodes form a static upper-layer network organization and several mobile nodes constitute the lower-layer network which need dynamic message exchange with the upper network. In the upper static network, near-optimal routing table is allocated to each anchor node based on their known-position and the strength of signal for communication during network initialization. Mobile nodes in the lower-layer can access to the upper network dynamically and at the same time report the RSSI value of nearby anchors to the control-center. At the center, the computer will calculate the real-time location of the target based on the reported RSSI and node-IDs. Algorithm presented in this paper is low cast, easy to implement and can be used for fast location estimation and motion tracking indoors and outdoors.