Scaffolding students in a complex learning environment

The design of distributed systems is a rather complex and difficult task. Distributed systems are complex systems that can be characterized as wicked problems because they involve an intricate combination of changing relationships between their various components. Research shows that it takes a lot of deliberate practice to move from the mindset of a novice to the mindset of an expert. To start cultivating experts design mindset we designed a cognitive support system consisting of a suite of mechanisms characterized by mentorship and social interactions around a real-world project. In a problem-based learning environment with cased-based reasoning, students have to follow a systematic approach using a common system of activities of “ritualized” activity structures. The systematic approach is based on the Rational Unified Process, CATs (Classroom Assessment Techniques) with rubrics, and scaffolding: questions prompts, peer-review, expert modeling, and self-reflection. This paper describes the challenges faced by novices and instructors in wicked problems design tasks in the context of developing a prototype and its framework and middleware for a complex distributed application while learning distributed systems concepts. It also outlines our interactive learning environment to scaffold the design and developing process improving student´s problem-solving skills and time on-task to reduce frustration.