A Study of TDOA Positioning Using UWB Reflected Waves

In this paper, we propose applying the time of arrival (TOA) positioning scheme with a few base stations (BSs) (one BS at minimum) using reflected waves in a non-line-of-sight (NLOS) environment, to time difference of arrival (TDOA) scheme. Synchronization among BSs is generally necessary in TDOA, but there is no synchronization problem in the proposed scheme for one BS. The estimated position error is evaluated by computer simulation. The feasibility of the proposed scheme is established based on experiments with one BS in an NLOS environment. The estimation error of a substantiative experiment was 6.1 cm.