On the way to a multi-modal energy-efficient route

Within this paper, we present a flexible and expandable routing framework capable of finding multi-modal and inter-modal energy-efficient routes incorporating, among others, transportation modes such as public transport, electric vehicles, car-sharing, bike-sharing and walking. In contrast to conventional trip planning services, the proposed framework can evaluate routes not only with respect to travel distance or travel time but also with respect to energy used. In addition, range limitation by electric vehicles is incorporated into the routing request such that range-safety can be provided.